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下颌第二恒磨牙根管系统的形态学研究
Morphological studies on the root canals of mandibular second molars

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DOI:
作者:
周春飞
ZHOU Chunfei
作者单位:
上海市口腔病防治院
Shanghai Stomatological Disease Center
关键词:
恒磨牙；根管形态；根管治疗
permanent molar, root canal morphology, root canal therapy
摘要:
[摘要]　目的 了解下颌第二恒磨牙牙根及根管的类型,为提高根管治疗的效果提供解剖学依据。方法 收集682例离体下颌第二恒磨牙，进行牙体测量，透明牙标本制作，分别对牙根及根管系统进行研究。结果 682例离体牙中双根牙最多，为55.13%，有97例为“C”形根管，为14.22%。580例离体牙中共检出六种不同类型的根管，其中1-1型、2-2 型、2-2型最多,近中根为73.46%，远中根为82.96%；双根管或单双根管混合型者，近中根为61.88%，远中根为15.73%；双根管口率，近中根为51.46%，远中根为13.49%；双根尖孔率，近中根为30.20%，远中根为11.58%。根管侧支、管间侧支、根尖分叉的出现率分别为24.19%、22.14%、8.21%。根尖孔位于根尖顶者，近中根为55.76%，远中根为57.85%。结论 下颌第二恒磨牙根管的类型复杂,充分了解其根管解剖对提高根管治疗效果、减少根管遗漏有重要意义。 [关键词] 恒磨牙；根管形态；根管治疗
Abstract: Objetive to evaluate the root canal anatomical morphology of mandibular second molars in vitro. Methods A total of 682 well-developed mandibular second molars were examined for number and type of roots, frequency and shape of canal types and canal orifices after decalcifying and clearing technique. Results 55.13% of the 682 mandibular second molars had two roots. C-shaped canal system was found in 97 teeth (14.22%). Among six categories of canal systems in the 580 teeth studied, Type 1-1, Type 2-1 and Type 2-2 were found commonly with the incidence of 73.46% in mesal roots and 82.96% in distal roots. Double-canal type or the mixed form was examined in 61.88% of mesal roots and 15.73% of distal roots. 51.46% of mesal roots had double canal orifices and 30.20% had two apical foramens, while 13.49% of distall roots had double canal orifices and 11.58% had two apical foramina. The incidence of lateral canal, transverse anastanose, and apical delta were 24.19%, 22.14% and 8.21% in sequence. The apical foramina located at the apex of the mesial roots were present in 55.76% of teeth whereas those were present in 57.85% of the distal roots. Conclusion The canal systems of permanent mandibular second molars varied considerably in their anatomical configuration. These results provide further information for the success of root canal therapy root canal therapy. Key words: permanent molar, root canal morphology, root canal therapy

 

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